Neurotransmitter release refers to the process by which neurotransmitters are released from a neuron into the synaptic cleft, where they can bind to receptors on the surface of neighboring neurons. This release is typically triggered by an action potential, which causes calcium ions to enter the neuron and stimulate the release of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles. The precise regulation of neurotransmitter release is essential for proper communication between neurons and is involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including learning, memory, and sensory processing. Research in this area seeks to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying neurotransmitter release and how dysregulation of this process can contribute to neurological and psychiatric disorders.